Choosing the Right Cable and Connector for Your CCTV Illuminator Installation

A high-performance IR or white light illuminator is only as reliable as the wiring that powers it. Poor cabling causes voltage drops, weakens light output, and shortens illuminator lifespan. Choosing the right cables and connectors from the start helps keep your CCTV system performing reliably at night.

Common Cable Types Used in CCTV Illuminator Setups

Coaxial Cable (RG59 / RG6)

Coaxial cable is the go-to choice for analog CCTV systems. It runs a center conductor wrapped in insulation and shielding, which matters most in interference-prone outdoor environments. RG59 handles standard analog systems and shorter distances well, while RG6 is better suited for HD cameras and longer runs.

Cat6 Ethernet Cable (for PoE Illuminators)

For IP-based surveillance systems, Cat6 is a reliable choice. For PoE-enabled illuminators, it carries both power and data through a single cable, eliminating the need for separate power wiring. Keep cable lengths within 100 meters (328 feet) to help ensure reliable network and power performance.

Siamese Cable

Siamese cable combines a coaxial wire with a 2-conductor power wire inside a single jacket, carrying both video and power in one run. It is widely used in analog CCTV setups. The single-run design reduces installation time and simplifies wiring management when cameras and illuminators are mounted together.

How to Choose the Right Cable for Your Setup

Three factors determine the right cable: run length, IR illuminator power draw, and system type. In analog and Siamese setups, use 18 AWG or heavier for longer runs. Cat6 follows its own gauge standard. Use UV-resistant cable for all exterior installations.

Choosing the Right CCTV Connectors

BNC Connectors

BNC connectors are the standard for coaxial cable termination in analog CCTV systems. They twist and lock into place. Compression-type connectors are the best for outdoor use because of their moisture-resistant seal. Crimp-type connectors are best for indoor runs where weatherproofing is not a concern.

RJ45 Connectors

RJ45 connectors pair with Cat6 cable in IP and PoE setups. A properly crimped connection keeps power delivery steady to your illuminator. For exterior runs, weatherproof RJ45 connectors are a must. Water can infiltrate quickly if outdoor connections are not properly sealed.

Power Connectors

Barrel and screw-terminal connectors are the two most common termination types for illuminator power cables. Polarity and connector type both need to align with the illuminator’s input, since a loose or incorrect connection will generate heat and produce flickering or unreliable output.

Key Factors to Consider Before Installing

Getting the wiring right starts before the first line is pulled. Focus on these four areas:

  • Distance: Map out the entire cable route. Walls, corners, and conduit all add to the total run length. Add a 10 to 20 percent buffer to your estimate so you don’t fall short on site.
  • Power: Your wire gauge needs to match the illuminator’s wattage and the length of the run. The longer the cable, the more voltage is lost before it reaches the fixture. Choosing the correct wire gauge helps ensure the illuminator receives sufficient voltage to operate at its intended performance.
  • Environment: Outdoor wiring faces constant exposure to sunlight, rain, and temperature shifts, so waterproof and UV-resistant cable is essential. Route your lines through weatherproof conduit to protect against damage and water ingress. Near motors or heavy machinery, shielded cable can help minimize electromagnetic interference in electrically noisy environments.
  • System Type: Each system has specific wiring requirements. PoE illuminators require Cat6 to a PoE switch, while analog systems use coaxial or Siamese cable connected to a DVR. Using the wrong cable for your system type will result in poor signal quality or no connection at all.

Conclusion

Reliable illumination starts with the right wiring choices. Select the correct cable type, use the appropriate gauge, and protect every exterior connection. When each of these elements is in place, your system will deliver consistent, clear light every night. Check Iluminar’s Product Selector or call (281) 438-3500 for personalized guidance.

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